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NOTE: Since 2009 the title of the International Journal of Entrepreneurship Education (IJEE) has been changed to the title above. ISSN numbers: IJEE 1649-2269 and IRE 2009-2822
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ISSN Number: 2009-2822. Frequency: 4 Issues per year (online only)
Article #1673 - "When to Hold and When to Fold”: Simulating Portfolio Returns to Angel Investing in Early Stage Ventures
IRE Vol 20: Issue 2, 2022, Pages
Author(s): Adam J. Bock (Wisconsin School of Business, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA), Richard T. Harrison (University of Edinburgh Business School, University of Edinburgh, UK), Geoff Gregson (Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Canada)
Abstract:
We use a large scale simulation to explore returns to angel investing in the context of real-world constraints in the first empirical examination of investment timing, termination and re-investment. Prior studies calculate angel returns as a single portfolio of investments, as if angels make hundreds of investments simultaneously and hold them all until exit or failure. We sample the largest available angel returns data set while varying portfolio size, investing window and portfolio hold time. Our Monte Carlo analysis simulates more than 11 million portfolios with over 240 million hypothetical investments. The results suggest that angel investing presents more variability and lower returns than reported in prior studies. Low returns are also associated with follow-on investment, which suggests that angels may tend to escalate commitment to poorly performing investments. The study highlights the importance of examining angel investing returns in the context of real-world constraints.
